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Each country has its unique climatic wind conditions, and the way in which these are considered and implemented in the structural design, is important. Girls from other cities: Moorhead sex dates in Porec, Free fuck buddy in Salt Lake City, Horny asian in Ranong
To browse Academia. Andries Kruger. Wind constitutes the most critical environmental loading affecting the structural design of the built environment in South Africa. Over the years, several failures of buildings and structures due to wind actions have occurred, some of them resulting in loss of human lives, as well as significant financial losses Goliger and Retief, These failures could be attributed to various factors e. The need for updating the environmental input into the process of determining wind loads for structural design was emphasised during the process of revising the South African Loading Code Goliger Wind constitutes one of the major environmental factors affecting the design and performance of built environment.
Each country has its unique climatic wind conditions, and the way in which these are considered and implemented in the structural design, is important. An implementation or adoption of any new engineering design stipulations introduces a formidable challenge to the developers of the standards and the design profession.
This has been experienced in some of the countries e. Although both Poland and South Africa are currently at the early implementation stage of the new wind loading design stipulations, there is a major difference between the circumstances of the two countries.
Poland, as an EU member state, has a compulsory obligation to adopt the new uniform standarisation requirements, within a stipulated time-frame. The South African code developers, afte Hoa Le. The horizontal wind loads for the design of structural frames shall be individually determined in the along-wind, across-wind and torsional directions.
For components of cladding and structural frame or particular joints of cladding and structural frames, combination of horizontal wind load on structural frames and local wind load on cladding shall be considered.